Burglar and fire alarm.



B. KOHLEN.

*l BURGLAR AND 4PIRE ALARM.

APPLICATION FILED OCT. '7, 1907.

Pau-.ema man1, 1910.

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2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

Patented Mar. 1, 1910.

B. KOHLEN.

BURGLAR AND FIRE ALARM.

APPLICATION FILED 00T. 7,1907.

. In Q l where it is divided into two branches 2 and BARTHELEMY KOHLEN, 0F BRUSSELS, BELGIUM.

.BUIEtGrLAR.u ANI) FIRE ALARM.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed October 7,

Patented Mar. 1, 1910.

1907. Serial No. 396,219.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, BARTHELEMY KOHLEN, subdirector of the telegraph service of Brussels, a subject of the Belgian King, and residing at Brussels, Belgium, have invented new and useful Improvements in or Relating to Burglar` and Fire Alarms; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the same.

This invention relates to an apparatus signaling burglary and fire, characterized by the piece of furniture, safe, wardrobe, cupboard, etc., being provided with a de* vice comprising a normally open local circuit in which is arranged a bell or some other alarm device as well as a resistance coil the armature of which is normally attracted and which is switched into a circuit of a battery with a continuous current com prising an electromagnet with double winding, as well as another resistance coil, the armatur-e of which is also attracted in the normal position. The battery, the electromagnet and this latter coil are inclosed in a box which is placed in any desired place and contains, moreover, an electrically controlled clockwork as well as a local circuit comprising a bell or some other alarm device for the purpose of notifying any attempt to steal or to burgle (or the beginning of a fire) by the disturbance of the equilibrium in the continuous current circuit, which disturbance renders operative one or the other of the alarm bells.

The accompanying d rawing given by way of example, shows diagrammatlcally two methods of carrying out the present invention.

Figure l is a diagram of an installation with clockwork, Fig. 2 is a plan of a special galvanometer for this installation, Fig. 3 is a diagram of a simplified installation with a single battery and a single electromagnet, Fig. 4L is a section, and Fig. 5 a plan of a special galvanometer for this arrangement.

In the box M (shown dotted) of the apparatus Fig. l, or at any desired place, is arranged a continuous current battery P1, the positive terminal of which is connected by wire l to a resistance coil A1 above which the said wire is continued up to a point E 3 which form the windings of an electromagnet R1. The wire l 1s also carrled to the oscillating armature A of the said electromagnet on which is mounted a needle B with contact blade C arranged between two contact studs V1 and V2 connected by a wire 7 to an electromagnet D, the armature E1 of which having the shape of an oscillating lever, is normally out of contact with the core of the coil D and carries two pawls L L1 which, in the normal state, stop a clockwork K, one of the wheels G of which can establish an electric contact with the spring H when the clockwork is released.

The coil R1 is secured between the branches of two magnets S N, and its armature A is held in equilibrium by the permanent passage of the current counteracting the influence of the lines of force of the said segments. At each disturbance of the said equilibrium the needle or hand B is deflected and brings its blade C into contact with one of the studs V1 V2: the circuit of the electromagnet D is then closed. The armature E1 of the latter is then attracted and releases the clockwork which closes the circuit of the bell F by establishing contact between the parts G and H as long as the needle B remains deflected. On leaving the coil R1, the wires 2, 3 are connected, the first to a resistance R2 in the interior of the box M, and the second to the wire 3 of the main circuit passing through the piece of furniture W to be protected (shown dotted). In the interior of the latter is arranged a resistance coil R3, say of 250 ohms, which maintains equilibrium with the resistance R2, also of 250 ohms. The armature 1 of the coil R3 is normally attracted and connected to the local circuit comprising a battery P3 and a bell J, and which it closes as soon as it is no longer attracted, that is to say, as soon as the equilibrium of the circuit of the battery P1 is disturbed.

In the normal state, the current starting from the positive pole of the battery P1 passes through the wire 1, the coil A1, divides at E into two parts, one of which asses through the wire 2, coil R1, resistance ltz and the wire 6 for returning to the negative pole of the battery P1 while the other one passes through the wire 3, also passes through the coil R1, continues through the wire 8, passes through the coil R3, wire 1i, contact O, wire 5 and returns through the wires 5, 6 to the negative pole of the battery P1. When owing to the equilibrium having been disturbed the armature A oscillates and deflects the needle B, the blade C comes into contact with one of the studs V1 V2, the current passes then through the wire 7, coil D, wire 8 branching oif from the wire 6 and returns through the latter to the negative pole of the battery P1. Owing to the passage of the current through the coil D, the armature E1 is attracted, the pawls L L1 are released, and the wheel G rotates and comes into contact with the spring H. A secondcireuit is thus closed on the battery P1 through the wire 9, spring H, wheel Gr, wire 10, bell F, wire 11 branching off'from the wire 6 and through the latter back to the battery P1. If now the circuit of the main battery P1 is broken, the armature L1 of the coil A1 will no longer be attractedand will fall into contact with the wire 12 and close the break between wires 12 and 13 of a local battery P2 the current from which passes then through the wires12 and 11, bell F, wires 10 and 13 and returns through the latter to the battery P1. At the same time, the armature 1 of the resistance R3 will no longer be attracted and will come again into contact with the wire 14 andfclose' the circuit of a second local battery'Ps, the current of which passes then through the armature 1, wire 14, bell J and returns to the battery through the wire 15. If a contact is established between the wires 3 and 5 near the piece of furniture to be protected, as'by the pivotally suspended circuit closer 5 the equilibrium will be at once disturbed, and the bell F will give alarm as hereinbefore described, and' at the same time, the armature 1 will fall down and close the localcircuit ofthe battery P3, since the` current no longer passes through the coil R3. At theleast disturbance of the equilibrium of the circuit of the battery P1, or at the complete breaking of the said circuit, the two bells will, therefore, immediately raise alarm.

The use of a clockwork in the signaling apparatus of the construction hereinbefore described (based onthe equality of resistance), enables the door of the safe or other piece of furniture containing the apparatus, to be opened during the day without it being necessary to put the apparatus each time intorthe position of rest.` The continuous current is, therefore, continually passing day and night through the whole circuit, and if during the day an attempt were made to render the installation inoperative, either by replacing the real resistances by artificial resistances, or by cut-ting the wires, the installation would immediately give alarm, on thek one hand, at the point at which is arranged the boX M of the apparatus, and on the other hand at the point where is arranged the safe or other piece kof furniture, or at any other desired point.

In the accompanying drawing, the wires 1G and 17 are-two shunt wires from the wires 2 and 3 of the main circuit which can be connected by an ordinary contact button K1, so as to control or check at any moment the working of the installation. ln fact, aslsoon as the said contact is established, the resistances are switched out of circuit', and the' relay R1 works in the manner described.

The arrangement shown in Figs. 3, l and 5 of the accompanying drawing, is much simpler and comprises a special galyanoiu` eter R11 consisting of a permanent annular magnet a made of two parts forming two poles of contrary sign arranged diametrically opposite. This magnet incloses or `surrounds a copper coil I) provided with a double diHerc-ntial winding c which is thus situated between the ring (t and the body of the coil. In the interior of the latter is arranged a horizontal armature A11 capable of oscillating on two points (Z (l and provided at each end with a screw f. These two screws or studs are above the contact studs V11 V11. The galvanometer R11 with the balance beam A11 is connected by wires 1X 2 to the single continuous current battery P11 of the installation, which battery can be arranged at any desired point, it is also connected by the wire 3 to the resistance R111 arranged in the piece of furniture to be protected and balancing the resistance R11 arranged near the galvononieter R11, and finally by the wire 4 to the electromagnet A11, the armature I of which is provided with a release device C1 connected b'y the wire 5X to the conductor lx, of the battery P11, and by the wire 5* to the bell li". This arrangement, which involves the employment of two coils wound reversely to each other and each of which neutralizes the induction of the othe also based on the equilibrium of the circuit of the single battery P11, works in the following manner: ln the normal state, the currentipasses from the positiif'e pole of the battery P11 through the wire 1X, wire 2 of the galvunometer, resistance R11 and returns through the wire 2 to the negative pole of the battery P11. Another shunt (circuit) of this current passes through the wire 3', resistance R11 and returns through the wire 2 to the ilegative pole P11. In that case the bell FX remains silent. Let it be assumed now that the resistance R11 becomes greater than the resistance R11 which would become the case if the latter resistance were done away with, the wire 3 cut or the terminals of the said resistance R11 connected. In that case the equilibrium of the circuit would be disturbed, the balance beam A11 of the galvanometer R11 would oscillate and establish contact between one of the studs f and one of the studs V11 or V11. The current passes then from the positive pole of the battery P11 through the wires 1X, 4L', the electromagnet A21, the second wire l and returns through the wire 2 to the negative pole. The electromagnet thus attracts the armature I, and the release device C1 falls down, so that a second current can pass from the battery P11 through the wires l", 5X, release device C1, the second wire 5X, bell FX, wire a and return to the battery P11 through the wire 2. In that case the bell would work and give alarm.

For verifying the state of the installation, the latter is provided with a control button K1 like that already described for the ar 1angement shown in Fig. 1. By pressing the said button, the wires 7 are connected together, and the resistance R12 switched out of circuit. In that case the equilibrium is again disturbed. The said balance beam A11 oscillates, and the current passes from the battery P11 through the wires 1X, 4l', electromagnet A21, second wire 4 and returns through the wire 2 to the negative pole of the battery P1. The electromagnet A21 attracts its armature, the release device C1 falls down and closes a second circuit going from the battery P11 through the wires 1*, 5X release device C1, second wire 5X, bell F", wires t and 2 and returns to the battery P1. The bell works and thus notifies the good state of the installation.

The special galvanometer R11 shown in Figs. 3, t and 5, can obviously be applied to the installation shown in Fig. l and the clockwork of the said installation can be combined with that of Fig. 3 without departing from the spirit of this invention.

Having now fully described my said invention, what I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent is l. The combination of an electric circuit comprising a source of energy and branches, counteracting electro-magnetic devices arranged one in each branch, an armature normally held in a state of equilibrium by said devices, a signal mechanism controlled by said armature, resistance devices, one in each branch, normally balancing each other, and means operative to cut one of said resistance devices out of circuit, substantially as described.

2. The combination of an electric circuit comprising a source of energy and branches, counteracting electro-magnetic devices arranged one in each branch, an armature normally held in a state of equilibrium by said devices, resistance devices, one in each branch., normally balancing each other said armature being adapted to indicate the failure of balance between said resistance devices, an electro-magnetic alarm device, another source of electric energy, another circuit including said alarm device and the second energy source, said second circuit having a normal break therein, a circuit closer normally adapted to close said break, and a magnet in the main or lirst circuit controlling said circuit-closer, substantially as described.

3. The combination of an electric circuit comprising a source of electric energy and branches, counteracting electro-magnetic devices arranged one in each. branch, an armature controlled by said devices, resistance devices, one in each branch, normally balancing each other, said armature being adapted to indicate the failure of balance between said resistance devices, another circuit, a source of energy and an electricanagnetic alarm device arranged in the second circuit, said second circuit having a break therein and one of said resistance devices being a magnet, and a circuit closer normally adapted to close said break and con* trolled by said last-named resistance device, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof, I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing Witnesses.

BARTHELEMY KOHLEN.

Witnesses CHARLES HowoLD, GREGORY PHELAN. 

